No, you won't hurt anything, you just won't have the power. The noise is made by the coupler, which is easily replaceable. Hopefully, you didn't buy anything more than that. It makes a "marbles in a can" sound and is a common problem. The coupler is a plastic round disc that couples the snout drive to the supercharger rotors. The holes in it wear oblong, and the clearance causes the noise. You could even put the belt back on and drive it if you don't mind the noise while you wait for the mechanic. All that needs to be done is to suck out the supercharger oil (warning, it smells bad), then about 10 or 11 bolts and remove the snout. Replace the coupler, bolt the snout back on with sealer, and add more oil (need 8 oz.)
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Write-up is below. For questions & discussion on coupler replacements, please see: https://rivperformance.editboard.com/t9160-faq-best-sc-coupler-for-supercharge
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